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The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is recommending that all new vehicles in the United States have blood alcohol monitoring systems.
美國國家運輸安全委員會建議美國所有新車都安裝血液酒精監測系統。
The systems are designed to stop people who have had too much to drink from driving.
該系統旨在阻止那些喝太多酒的人開車。
If the recommendation is approved by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), it could reduce the number of alcohol-related crashes, one of the biggest causes of highway deaths in the United States.
如果這項建議得到美國國家公路交通安全管理局的批準，它可能會減少與酒精相關的撞車事故的數量，酒后駕駛是美國高速公路交通事故的主要死亡原因之一。
NHTSA said this week that road deaths in the U.S. are at crisis levels.
美國國家公路交通安全管理局本周表示，美國的道路死亡人數處于危機水平。
Nearly 40,000 people were killed last year, the greatest number in 16 years, as Americans returned to the roads after pandemic stay-at-home orders.
去年有近4萬人死亡，這是16年來死亡人數最多的一年，因為美國人在疫情居家令解除后重新回到路上。
The agency says 11,654 people died in 2020 from alcohol-related crashes.
該機構表示，2020年有11654人死于與酒精有關的撞車事故。
That is the most recent year the data is available.
這是可獲得的最近一年的數據。
That number represents about 30 percent of all U.S. traffic deaths.
這一數字約占美國交通事故死亡人數的30%。
The NTSB, which has no legal power and can only ask other agencies to act, said the recommendation is designed to put pressure on NHTSA to take action.
美國國家運輸安全委員會沒有法律權力，只能要求其他機構采取行動，該委員會表示，這一建議旨在向美國國家公路交通安全管理局施壓，要求其采取行動。
It could be effective as early as three years from now.
它最早可能會在三年后生效。
“We need NHTSA to act. We see the numbers,” NTSB Chairman Jennifer Homendy said.
美國國家運輸安全委員會主席詹妮弗·霍曼迪說：“我們需要美國國家公路交通安全管理局采取行動。我們看到了數字?！?/p>
“We need to make sure that we’re doing all we can to save lives.”
“我們需要確保盡我們所能拯救生命?！?/p>
The NTSB, she said, has been pushing NHTSA to explore alcohol monitoring technology since 2012.
她說，自2012年以來，美國國家運輸安全委員會一直在說服美國國家公路交通安全管理局探索酒精監測技術。
“The faster the technology is implemented the more lives that will be saved,” she said.
她說：“這項技術實施得越快，拯救的生命就越多”。
The recommendation also calls for systems to monitor a driver’s behavior, making sure they are paying attention, or alert.
該建議還要求系統監控司機的行為，確保他們集中注意力或保持警覺。
She said many cars now have cameras pointed at the driver, which could possibly limit drunk driving.
她說，現在許多汽車都安裝了對準司機的攝像頭，這可能會限制酒后駕車。
But Homendy says she also understands that perfecting the alcohol tests will take time.
但霍曼迪說，她也明白完善酒精檢測需要時間。
“We also know that it’s going to take time for NHTSA to evaluate what technologies are available and how to develop a standard,” she said.
她說：“我們也知道，美國國家公路交通安全管理局需要時間來評估可用的技術以及如何制定標準?！?/p>
The agency and a group of 16 automakers have been supporting research on alcohol monitoring since 2008.
自2008年以來，該機構和16家汽車制造商一直在支持酒精監測的研究。
They formed a group called Driver Alcohol Detection System for Safety.
他們成立了一個名為“駕駛員酒精檢測安全系統”的組織。
The group has hired a Swedish company to research technology that would automatically test a driver’s breath for alcohol and stop a vehicle from moving if the driver has had too much to drink, said Jake McCook, spokesman for the group.
該組織的發言人杰克·麥克庫克表示，該組織已經請了一家瑞典公司來研究一項技術，該技術可以自動檢測司機呼氣中的酒精含量，并在司機飲酒過量時阻止汽車行駛。
The driver would not have to blow into a tube.
司機不必對著管子吹氣。
Instead, a sensor would check the driver’s breath, McCook said.
麥克庫克說，相反，傳感器會檢測司機的呼氣。
Another company is working on light technology that could test for blood alcohol in a person’s finger, he said.
他說，另一家公司正在研究可以檢測人手指血液酒精含量的光技術。
Breath technology could be ready by the end of 2024, while touch technology would come about a year later.
酒精呼氣檢測技術可能會在2024年底準備就緒，而觸摸技術將會在大約一年后問世。
It could take one or two more model years after carmakers get the technology for it to be in new vehicles, McCook said.
麥克庫克說，汽車制造商獲得技術并將其應用于新車可能還需要一到兩年。
Once the technology is ready, it will take years for it to be in most of the cars on U.S. roads.
一旦這項技術準備就緒，它將需要數年時間才能應用于美國道路上的大多數汽車。
Under last year’s law to rebuild highways, the U.S. Congress required NHTSA to make automakers install alcohol monitoring systems within three years.
根據去年重建高速公路的法律，美國國會要求美國國家公路交通安全管理局在三年內讓汽車制造商安裝酒精監測系統。
The law does not name the exact technology, only that it must “passively monitor” a driver to see if they are affected by alcohol.
這項法律并沒有給出具體的技術名稱，只是說它必須“被動監測”司機，看看他們是否受到酒精的影響。
I’m Ashley Thompson.
阿什利·湯普森為您播報。
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