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Spain plans ‘digital nomad’ visa scheme to attract remote workers
西班牙擬推出“數字游民簽證” 最長可居住五年
Spain plans to issue “digital nomad” visas giving non-EU citizens the chance to work in the sun and enjoy a lower cost of living with tax breaks thrown in for good measure.
西班牙計劃發放“數字游民簽證”，讓非歐盟公民有機會在陽光普照的西班牙辦公，并享受稅收減免帶來的低成本生活。
The visas will be offered to people who work remotely for enterprises outside Spain and who derive a maximum of 20% of their income from Spanish firms.
這一簽證將向為西班牙境外企業遠程工作的人提供，前提是他們從西班牙企業獲得的收入不超過他們收入的20%。
As the law has yet to be passed there are still some details to be hammered out but it is expected that the visa – essentially a residency permit – will be initially valid for one year, renewable for up to five years depending on the applicant’s circumstances. Close relatives, such as a spouse or children, will be eligible to join the applicant.
盡管西班牙尚未通過相關法規，部分細則也有待敲定，但預計這種簽證（本質上是居住許可證）最初有效期為一年，隨后可以依據申請者情況續簽至最多五年，配偶和子女等近親也可以一同申請。
Applicants must be from outside the European Economic Area and be able to demonstrate that they have been working remotely for at least a year. They must have a contract of employment or, if freelance, show that they have been regularly employed by a company outside Spain.
申請者必須來自歐洲經濟區以外國家，并能證明自己已遠程辦公至少一年。他們必須持有雇傭合同，如果是自由職業者，則必須證明自己常受雇于某個西班牙以外的企業或機構。
They must also demonstrate that they will earn enough to be self-sufficient and that they have an address in Spain.
另外，申請者必須證明自己的收入可以自給自足，并在西班牙有住所。
For the first four years they will be taxed at 15%, rather than the standard 25% base rate.
拿到“數字游民簽證”者在西班牙居住的前四年里可以享受15%的優惠稅率，而當地標準稅率為25%。
Spain joins 15 other European countries that offer some version of a digital nomad visa. Each country has its own set of conditions.
目前已經有15個歐洲國家推出類似的“數字游民簽證”，各國有自己的申請條件。
In Croatia, for example, applicants must be earning at least ?2,300 a month, in Estonia ?3,500, in Iceland ?7,100 and in Portugal only ?700. It’s thought that Spain will set a minimum monthly income of about ?2,000.
比如，克羅地亞要求申請者月收入不低于2300歐元，愛沙尼亞要求不低于3500歐元，冰島要求達到7100歐元，葡萄牙的最低門檻則只有700歐元。據估計，西班牙將把申請者最低月收入門檻設定在2000歐元左右。
Greece introduced a digital nomad law in October 2021, offering residency of one to three years. Applicants must have a monthly income of ?3,500.
希臘于2021年10月出臺了數字游民法，向數字游民提供一至三年的居住權。申請者月收入必須達到3500歐元。
Some countries demand that you have cash in the bank – ?5,500 in the case of the Czech Republic – as well as income. Some may also insist on private health insurance.
有些國家除了收入限制外，還要求你在銀行里有存款，比如捷克共和國要求銀行存款達到5500歐元。另外一些國家還要求申請者擁有私人醫療保險。
Madrid, Valencia and Barcelona are already popular among the EU’s digital nomads, with the latter proving a favoured destination for startups as the city aspires to become a technology hub and less dependent on tourism.
西班牙的馬德里、巴倫西亞和巴塞羅那原本就是歐盟的數字游民熱門聚居地，事實證明，巴塞羅那還是很受初創企業歡迎的目的地，該市立志要成為技術中心，減少對旅游業的依賴。
Excellent 4G cover almost everywhere in Spain is tempting some nomads to set themselves up in rural areas where rents are very low. Internet speed is among the fastest in Europe and, at 148Mbps, almost double the UK speed of 75Mbps.
西班牙幾乎覆蓋各個角落的優質4G網絡吸引著一些數字游民在租金很低的鄉村地區落腳。西班牙的網速是歐洲最快的，達到148兆比特每秒，是英國網速（75兆比特每秒）的近兩倍。
However, for residents of cities such as Madrid and Barcelona, one negative effect is that nomads push up rents as people working remotely for US or UK companies can command much higher salaries and pay higher rents than locals.
但是，對于馬德里和巴塞羅那等城市的居民而言，數字游民涌入的一個負面影響是會推高當地房租，因為遠程為英美公司工作的人能領到遠超當地人的薪水，能支付得起的租金也高得多。
According to a report published this year, in Spain the average monthly salary is ?1,751, 20% less than the EU average of ?2,194.
根據今年發布的一份報告，西班牙的月均工資水平為1751歐元，比歐盟平均水平（2194歐元）低20%。
英文來源：衛報
翻譯&編輯：丹妮
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